Discussion
Diagnosis With Brief Discussion
- Diagnosis
- MALT lymphoma
- Radiologic Findings
- Fig 1-3. Lung (Fig 1-2) and mediastinal (Fig 3) window settings of the chest CT scan shows diffuse consolidation and ground-glass opacities in both lower lobes.
Figs 4-5. PET-CT scan shows diffuse hypermetabolic consolidation in both lower lobes.
The patient had history of gastric MALToma treated 3 years ago. He had difficulty breathing from three months ago, and the symptoms became worse over time. Surgical lung biopsy was performed for diagnosis and malignant lymphoma was diagnosed.
- Brief Review
- Extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma, also called low grade B cell lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), is an extranodal lymphoma that arises in a number of epithelial tissues, including the stomach, salivary gland, lung, small bowel, thyroid, and elsewhere. Extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma of the lung is sometimes referred to as bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) lymphoma.
On chest radiographs, recurrent or secondary pulmonary lymphoma may present with various patterns: bronchovascular or lymphangitic with thickening of bronchovascular bundles and interlobular septae (41%), discrete pulmonary nodular (39%), pneumonic or alveolar with areas of consolidation (14%), and miliary or hematogenous with disseminated micro nodules (6%) 1251. Lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion is also commonly present. Other manifestations include cavitary and endobronchial masses.
Lewis et al. 151 reviewed the CT findings of pulmonary parenchyma lymphoma in 31 patients with recurrent or secondary non-Hodgkin’s or Hodgkin’s disease. In that study, the most common CT findings were masses or mass-like areas of consolidation larger than 1 cm (68% of patients) and nodules smaller than 1 cm (61 % of patients), slightly different from the results of previous studies on radiographs. However, three or more CT abnormalities were present in 68% of patients.
Lymphomatous involvement of the lung is often asymptomatic, and when symptoms do occur, they are often nonspecific, thus making the clinical diagnosis difficult. Diagnosis is also difficult because infection, granulomatous disease, primary or secondary carcinomas, or drug reactions may cause similar abnormal radiologic findings. Careful correlation of clinical, microbiologic, and histologic findings is
necessary.
- References
- 1. Imaging of pulmonary lymphomas. K S Lee, Y Kim, S L Primack. American Journal of Roentgenology. 1997;168:339-345.
- Keywords
- Lung, Neoplasm_Malignant,