Discussion
Diagnosis With Brief Discussion
- Diagnosis
- Fish bone impaction in the esophagus(with perforation, esophagitis )
- Radiologic Findings
- Nonenhanced CT images at the lower third level of the esophagus show a linear radiopaque density in the esophagus with a diffusely thickened wall and several tiny foci of extraluminal gas that are suggestive of a perforation caused by foreign body impaction. Contrast-enhanced CT images show enhancement in the thickened esophageal wall. Left pleural effusion is associated.
Fish bone impaction on the esophageal wall causing mucosal perforation with esophagitis was revealed and removal of the bone with clipping of the perforation site was done through endoscopy.
- Brief Review
- Most ingested objects pass spontaneously, without intervention. However, the thin esophageal wall, the lack of a supporting adventitia, and the relatively poor blood supply leave the esophagus vulnerable to perforation and pressure necrosis from foreign bodies that become lodged in it. Between 10% and 20% of ingested foreign bodies, including those retained within the esophagus, therefore require endoscopic
removal, and surgery is needed in about 1% of cases .
The clinical manifestations of esophageal foreign body impaction are variable: Symptoms may include dysphagia, odynophagia, foreign body sensation, and food refusal. Regurgitation and an inability to swallow saliva are suggestive of esophageal obstruction. When a history of foreign body ingestion is elicited, a radiographic
evaluation is performed, generally with conventional radiography of the neck, chest, and
abdomen . Barium studies are discouraged because they may hinder subsequent attempts at endoscopic examination and retrieval.
CT may be useful in select cases when a more definitive diagnosis or localization is desired before endoscopic intervention, or when perforation or another complication is suspected. In patients who do not provide a history of foreign body ingestion and who report nonspecific symptoms such as chest pain, CT often is used to distinguish
between or exclude potential causes during the initial evaluation.
The CT appearance of foreign body impaction is variable, depending on the item ingested, the site of impaction, and the presence of an underlying pathologic esophageal process or associated complication.
- References
- 1. Young CA, Menias CO, Bhalla S, Prasad SR. CT features of esophageal emergencies. Radiographics 2008;28:1541-1553
2. Fadoo F et al. Helical CT esophagography for the evaluation of suspected esophageal perforation or rupture. AJR 2004;182:1177-1179
- Keywords
- Esophagus, Non-infectious inflammation,