Discussion
Diagnosis With Brief Discussion
- Diagnosis
- Hydatid disease
- Radiologic Findings
- Chest PA shows a few large pleural based soft tissue density masses in the left hemithorax. On contrast-enhanced CT scan, there are several multiloculated cystic masses along pleura and peritoneal cavity. Note that internal air density within a pleural cyst of left lower hemithorax.
- Brief Review
- Hydatid disease is a worldwide zoonosis produced by the larval stage of the Echinococcus tapeworm. Once the parasite passes through the intestinal wall to reach the portal venous system or lymphatic system, the liver acts as the first line of defense and is therefore the most frequently involved organ. Hydatid disease primarily affects the liver and typically demonstrates characteristic imaging findings. However, there are many potential local complications (eg, intrahepatic complications, exophytic growth, transdiaphragmatic thoracic involvement, perforation into hollow viscera, peritoneal seeding, biliary communication, portal vein involvement, abdominal wall invasion).
In humans, hydatid disease involves the liver in approximately 75% of cases, the lung in 15%, and other anatomic locations in 10%. Intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid disease constitutes 2.3% - 7.4% of all hydatid diseases. Among intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts, 55% of the cysts are located in the fissure, 18% within the parietal pleura, 14% in the chest wall, 4.5% in the mediastinum, and 4.5% in the diaphragm. Pleural hydatid cysts can develop chiefly as a result of liver or lung cyst rupture into the pleural space with complications of pneumothorax, pleural effusion or empyema.
(See case 339)
- References
- 1. Pedrosa I, Sa챠z A, Arrazola J, Ferreir처s J, Pedrosa CS. Hydatid disease: radiologic and pathologic features and complications. Radiographics. 2000;20:795-817.
2. Shrinivasan B, Mohite PN, Thingnam SK. Extrapulmonary intrapleural hydatid cysts
- Keywords
- pleura, infection, parasitic,