Discussion
Diagnosis With Brief Discussion
- Diagnosis
- BALT lymphoma
- Radiologic Findings
- Initial chest PA shows a patchy consolidation in the lower portion of the Rt upper lobe and around the Rt hilum. Patchy consolidation with air-bronchogram, surrouding ground glass opacities in RUL and minimally in LUL appears on the initial chest CT. The extent of the lesions is similar on the follow up chest radiography and CT. BALT lymphoma was proven by the broncoscopic biopsy.
- Brief Review
- Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma arises in the extranodal mucosal lymphoid tissue. When located in the lung, this lymphoma appears to arise from bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). BALT lymphoma represents a low-grade B lymphocyte lymphoma that is composed of monotonous small lymphocytes with focal plasmacytoid features. The origin of the cell is thought to be a B lymphocyte from the marginal zone of the lymphoid follicle.
The commonest radiological manifestations of pulmonary MALT lymphoma were pulmonary masses, or mass-like areas of consolidation and multiple pulmonary nodules. Common features associated with pulmonary MALT lymphoma included air bronchogram, a positive angiogram sign on contrast enhanced CT, a halo of ground-glass shadowing or peribronchovascular thickening at tumour margins and discret patches of ground-glass shadowing. It tends to be confined to the lung for a long time, without involvement of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes or other organs. The possibility that pulmonary lymphoma with lymphadenopathy represented spread of nodal lymphomas to the lung was considered but is thought to be highly unlikely due to the characteristic histological appearances of MALT lymphoma in the pulmonary infiltrates.
The differential diagnosis of non-resolving consolidation includes bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, eosinophilic pulmonary syndromes, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, drug-induced lung disease, and neoplastic disorders. Although the imaging finding are nonspecific, it is important for radiologists to have high index of suspicion for lymphoma, especially in patients with indolent clinical course or a history of autoimmune disease
- References
- 1. O Donnel, PG, Jackson SA, Tung KT, Hassan B, Wilkins B, Mead GM. Radiological appreance of lymphomas arising from Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the lung. Clinical Radiology 1998;53:258-263.
2. King LJ, Padley SP, Wotherspoon AC, Nicholson AG. Pulmonary MALT lymphoma: imaging findings in 24 cases. Eur Radiol 2000;10(12):1932-8
3. Ahmed S, Siddiqui AK, Rai KR. Low-grade B-cell bronchial associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) lymphoma. Cancer Invest 2002;20(7-8):1059-68
- Please refer to
- Case 426 Case 299 Case 272
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- Keywords
- Lung, Lymphproliferative disorder, Lymphoma,